Kitai, Adrian Howard

Adrian Howard Kitai
Professor, Engineering Physics

Fundamental luminescent materials
Visible emission from oxide phosphor materials Zn2Si04:Mn, Ga203:Eu and related compounds is being studied under electroluminescence, photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence. Thin films of these oxide phosphors are being grown by RF sputtering, on glass and ceramic substrates. Defects in II-VI phosphors are being studied to determine the relationship between point defects and luminescence in these materials.

This work shows for the first time that thin films of oxide phosphors can achieve bright EL emission using thin film dielectrics on smooth substrates.

Commercial brightness and efficiency values achieved on glass substrates with the new green phosphor achieved stable operation of Zn2Si0.5Ge0.5O4:Mn thin films paving the way for industrial use of these materials.

New luminescent devices
A new and unique type of luminescent “Sphere Supported Thin Film Electroluminescent” (SSTFEL) device has been developed. This involves spherical ceramic particles coated with a thin film semiconductor phosphor material, and then embedded in a polymer sheet.
Flexible light emitting sheets are enabled, which are capable of long life, high brightness performance. A photograph of a recent prototype is shown below:

New avalanche injection Devices
Two new research projects involve avalanche-injection electroluminescence. Here, electrons are injected into a semiconductor using high electric fields. High efficiency and low voltage EL devices suitable for flexible display devices may be realized by this research. Two PhD student projects on this are being started.

Optical Fiber Liquid Crystal Display Technology:
A new type of display using the combination of a uniquely woven optical fiber array, light emitting diodes, and liquid crystal-based light modulation achieves an intense full colour display suitable for public information in the form of an electronic poster. New optical components are being developed to optimize the performance of this system.

Contact Information

PHONE: 905-525-9140 ext. 24973

EMAIL: kitaia

EMAIL: kitai.adrian

Affiliations

McMaster University,
Faculty of Engineering, McMaster University
Faculty of Science, McMaster University
Professor, Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering
Joint Appointment, Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Member, McMaster Institute for Energy Studies (MIES), Faculty of Engineering
Member, Biointerfaces Institute, Faculty of Science

Scholarly Activity in McMaster Experts

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books
chapters
- Alternating Current Thin Film and Powder Electroluminescence. 313-338. 2017
- Principles of Solid State Luminescence. 1-30. 2017
- Alternating Current Thin Film and Powder Electroluminescence. 313-338. 2017
- Materials for Solid State Lighting and Displays Preface. XIV-XIV. 2017
- AC Powder Electroluminescence (ACPEL) and Devices. 1763-1776. 2016
- Thin Film Electroluminescence (TFEL). 1751-1761. 2016
- AC Powder Electroluminescence (ACPEL) and Devices. 1-11. 2015
- Thin Film Electroluminescence (TFEL). 1-9. 2015
- AC Powder Electroluminescence (ACPEL) and Devices. 1193-1205. 2012
- AC Powder Electroluminescence (ACPEL) and Devices. 1193-1205. 2012
- Thin Film Electroluminescence (TFEL). 1183-1192. 2012
- Thin Film Electroluminescence (TFEL). 1183-1192. 2012
- Light Emitting Diodes. 215-252. 2011
- Organic Semiconductors, OLEDs and Solar Cells. 253-301. 2011
- Photon Emission and Absorption. 123-158. 2011
- Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Diodes The role of the PN junction Introduction. XI-XIII. 2011
- Semiconductor Physics. 1-67. 2011
- The Boltzmann Distribution Function. 307-310. 2011
- The PN Junction Diode. 69-122. 2011
- The Solar Cell. 159-213. 2011
- Principles of Luminescence. 1-18. 2008
- Thin Film Electroluminescence. 223-248. 2008
conferences
- The Effects of Substrates on the Geometry and Optical Properties of Aluminum Nitride Nanowires. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 9208-9212. 2012
- Lateral diffusion epitaxy (LDE) of single crystal silicon with downward facing substrate. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 2012
- One Dimensional Aluminum Nitride Nanostructures: Synthesis, Structural, and Luminescence Properties. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 8284-8288. 2011
- Mono-crystalline silicon strips grown by liquid phase epitaxy for photovoltaic applications. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 2010
- Nanowire contact powder electroluminescent technology. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 1667-+. 2008
- LED/LCD display modules for electronic billboards. SID Conference Record of the International Display Research Conference. 356-359. 2006
- LED/LCD display modules for electronic billboards. Proceedings of the Third Americas Display Engineering and Applications Conference, ADEAC 2006. 236-239. 2006
- Oxide phosphor and dielectric thin films for electroluminescent devices. Thin Solid Films. 367-376. 2003
- Crystallization phenomena in β-Ga2O3 investigated by positron annihilation spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Materials Science & Engineering B: Solid-State Materials for Advanced Technology. 541-544. 2002
- Multiplexed prototype oxide phosphor/ceramic substrate EL display. SID Conference Record of the International Display Research Conference. 358-361. 1997
- New electroluminescent materials based on alkaline earth gallates. SID Conference Record of the International Display Research Conference. 310-313. 1997
- The Effects of Sintering on the Microstructure and the Luminescent Characteristics of Polycrystalline ZnS. Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings. 533-538. 1995
- A Positron Annihilation Study of Defects in ZnO and Their Relation to Luminescence Centers. Materials Science Forum. 465-470. 1994
- <title>Atomic layer growth of zinc oxide and zinc sulphide</title>. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 81-87. 1991
- <title>Humidity dependence of ceramic substrate electroluminescent devices</title>. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 71-80. 1991
- <title>Pockels' effect in polycrystalline ZnS planar waveguides</title>. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 261-268. 1991
- HUMIDITY DEPENDENCE OF CERAMIC SUBSTRATE ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 71-80. 1991
- VACUUM DEPOSITION OF ZNS BY H-2 GAS REACTION USING A MASS-SPECTROMETER. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. C130-C130. 1988
- HYSTERETIC THIN-FILM EL DEVICES UTILIZING OPTICAL COUPLING OF EL OUTPUT TO A SERIES PHOTOCONDUCTOR.. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium (Society for Information Display). 255-256. 1984
- TWO-COLOR THIN-FILM ELECTROLUMINESCENCE WITH SPATIALLY-SELECTIVE ACTIVATOR DOPING.. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium (Society for Information Display). 138-139. 1983
- Pyrolytic Laser Activation Of Cds Thin Film Photoconductors. Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings. 347-352. 1983
- Selective Mn Doping of Thin Film Zns:Mn Electroluminescent Devices by Laser Photochemical Vapor Deposition. Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings. 141-147. 1982
journal articles
- Generating stacking faults in 4H-SiC junction transistor by indentation and forward biasing. AIP Advances. 14:115114. 2024
- ZnO nanowire network/4H-SiC heterojunction for improved performance ultraviolet photodetector: The effect of different SiC doping concentrations on photoresponse properties. Materials Today Communications. 35:105712-105712. 2023
- Effects of surface roughness and single Shockley stacking fault expansion on the electroluminescence of 4H-SiC. OSA Continuum. 2:1020-1020. 2023
- Enhanced red emission of glycothermally synthesized Ce:YAG nanophosphors via Mn2+ addition. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 277:125497-125497. 2022
- Effect of Microindentation on Electroluminescence of SiC P-I-N Junctions. Materials. 15:534-534. 2022
- Glycothermal synthesis and photoluminescence of Mg–Si modified Ce:YAG nanophosphors. Nanoscale Advances. 3:2911-2917. 2021
- Porous SiC electroluminescence from p–i–n junction and a lateral carrier diffusion model. Journal of Applied Physics. 129. 2021
- Seamless ultrathin rear projection display. Journal of the Society for Information Display. 28:698-704. 2020
- CuO Nanowire-Enhanced Alternating Current-Driven Powder Electroluminescent Device with High Performance. ACS Applied Electronic Materials. 2:1855-1860. 2020
- Magnetic-field-induced energy bandgap reduction of perovskite KMnF₃. Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 8:4164-4168. 2020
- Tracking-free adaptive contact concentration photovoltaics. OSA Continuum. 3:163-163. 2020
- Alternating Current‐Driven Oxide Powder Electroluminescent Device Employing Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanowire Array. Physica Status Solidi - Rapid Research Letetrs. 13. 2019
- Photoluminescence enhancement of Ce:YAG nanophosphors via doped/intrinsic core/shell structures. Journal of Luminescence. 211:82-87. 2019
- A CuO Nanowire‐Based Alternating Current Oxide Powder Electroluminescent Device with High Stability. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 57:11267-11272. 2018
- A CuO Nanowire‐Based Alternating Current Oxide Powder Electroluminescent Device with High Stability. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 130:11437-11442. 2018
- Microstructure development and photoluminescence of annealed nanosized Ce:YAG/Al₂O₃ and Ce:YAG/Cr:Al₂O₃ powder composites. Materials Research Express. 5:036207-036207. 2018
- Chemical vapor deposition-based growth of aligned ZnO nanowires on polycrystalline Zn2GeO4:Mn substrates. Journal of Materials Science. 52:9324-9334. 2017
- ZnO nanowire growth by chemical vapor deposition with spatially controlled density on Zn₂GeO₄:Mn polycrystalline substrates. Materials Research Express. 4:065012-065012. 2017
- Speckle Reduction by Optimized Multimode Fiber Combined With Dielectric Elastomer Actuator and Lightpipe Homogenizer. IEEE/OSA Journal of Display Technology. 12:1162-1167. 2016
- Tandem Ce:YAG fluorescent solar concentrator. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 145:217-225. 2016
- Film deposition mechanisms and properties of optically active chelating polymer and composites. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 487:17-25. 2015
- Electroluminescence of Zn2GeO4:Mn through SiC whisker electric field enhancement. Journal of Luminescence. 167:310-315. 2015
- Two-dimensional X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy study on the effect of magnetron sputtering atmosphere on GaN/SiC interface and gallium nitride thin film crystal structure. Journal of Applied Physics. 117. 2015
- The Manipulation and Alignment of Silicon Carbide Whiskers for Gallium Nitride Epitaxial Growth. Journal of The American Ceramic Society. 97:3077-3086. 2014
- Single crystalline Si substrate growth by lateral diffusion epitaxy. Journal of Crystal Growth. 366:67-75. 2013
- Formation and characterization of zinc oxide nanowires grown on hexagonal-prism microstructures. Materials Letters. 65:2470-2472. 2011
- Temperature-Dependent Degradation of AC Powder EL. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 156:H585-H585. 2009
- Application of indium nanowires to donor–acceptor pair luminescence. Journal of Luminescence. 128:1856-1862. 2008
- Growth of nanoporous silicon dioxide thin films using porous alumina substrates. Thin Solid Films. 517:622-625. 2008
- Template Synthesis of Indium Nanowires Using Anodic Aluminum Oxide Membranes. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 8:4488-4493. 2008
- P‐126: Nanowire Contact Powder Electroluminescent Technology. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 39:1667-1669. 2008
- Sputtered Zn1−xGa2O4:Mn thin-film electroluminescent devices prepared using cadmium-assisted processing. Journal of Applied Physics. 97. 2005
- 8.2: Sphere-Supported Thin Film Electroluminescent Technology. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 36:112-112. 2005
- P-74: Tiled Optical Fiber Display. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 36:566-566. 2005
- Sphere-supported thin-film electroluminescence: A new platform technology for displays and lighting. Journal of the Society for Information Display. 13:493-493. 2005
- P‐82: Sphere‐Supported Thin Film Electroluminescent Technology. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 35:558-562. 2004
- Characterization of the electro-optical behavior of Zn2Si0.5Ge0.5O4:Mn thin-film electroluminescent devices. Journal of Applied Physics. 93:4622-4627. 2003
- P‐48: High Performance Dielectric Layer for Thin Film Oxide Phosphor Electroluminescent Devices. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 33:380-383. 2002
- P‐49: New (Cd_xZn_1−x)Ga₂O₄: Mn Green Emitting Phosphors for EL Displays. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 33:384-387. 2002
- Characterisation of sputtered thin films of SrGa2O4:2% Ce, 2% Li. Thin Solid Films. 391:117-121. 2001
- 25.4: New Developments in Blue Oxide EL Phosphors. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 32:424-427. 2001
- Inorganic EL Phosphors(Invited Paper):Oxide Phosphors for Thin Film EL Devices(2. EL'00概要報告). ITE Technical Report. 25.13:12-12. 2001
- Inorganic EL Phosphors(Invited Paper):Oxide Phosphors for Thin Film EL Devices(2. EL'00概要報告). ITE Technical Report. 25. 2001
- ZnGa[sub 2]O[sub 4]:Mn phosphors for Thin-Film Electroluminescent Displays Exhibiting Improved Brightness. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 148:H149-H149. 2001
- 4.2: High Brightness Red Emitting Ga₂O₃: Eu Electroluminescent Phosphor. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 31:11-13. 2000
- 4.2:High Brightness Red Emitting Ga_2O_3:Eu Electroluminescent Phosphor(3.薄膜EL用蛍光体)(Report on 2000 SID International Symposium). 中国循证医学杂志. 24.42:60. 2000
- 4.2:High Brightness Red Emitting Ga_2O_3:Eu Electroluminescent Phosphor(3.薄膜EL用蛍光体)(Report on 2000 SID International Symposium). ITE Technical Report. 24. 2000
- Oxide Phosphor Green EL on Glass Substrates. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 30:596-597. 1999
- Thin film electroluminescence in highly anisotropic oxide materials. Applied Physics Letters. 72:3356-3358. 1998
- 39.2: New Family of Bright Phosphors for FEDs. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 29:1048-1051. 1998
- Red and Blue Thin Film Electroluminescence in Eu‐doped orthophosphates. Digest of Technical Papers - SID International Symposium. 29:652-654. 1998
- Electroluminescence of the oxide thin film phosphors Zn2SiO4 and Y2SiO5. Journal of Applied Physics. 79:3229-3234. 1996
- Green Zn₂SiO₄:Mn thin-film electroluminescence on silicon substrates. Canadian Journal of Physics. 74:132-135. 1996
- Microstructural evolution of ZnS during sintering monitored by optical and positron annihilation techniques. Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing. 61:217-220. 1995
- Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy and Cathodoluminescence of Polycrystalline Terbium‐Doped Yttria. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 142:958-960. 1995
- Rare-earth-doped transparent yttrium silicate thin film phosphors for colour displays. Thin Solid Films. 254:268-272. 1995
- Thin-film micropatterning using polymer microspheres. Chemistry of Materials. 6:156-159. 1994
- The Influence of Processing Conditions on Point Defects and Luminescence Centers in ZnO. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 140:3644-3649. 1993
- Cesium coating of thin-film zinc sulphide cold cathodes. Journal of Applied Physics. 74:6391-6396. 1993
- Preparation and characterization of thin films of MgO, Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 by atomic layer deposition. Journal of Electronic Materials. 22:215-220. 1993
- The surface morphology of atomic layer deposited magnesia. Journal of Materials Science. 12:1444-1446. 1993
- Temperature-dependence of the growth orientation of atomic layer growth MgO. Applied Physics Letters. 61:1450-1452. 1992
- Electrical Dependence of ZnS Thin Films Exposed to H 2 O. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 139:2673-2677. 1992
- Zinc oxysulfide thin films grown by atomic layer deposition. Chemistry of Materials. 4:1005-1011. 1992
- Point defects and luminescence centres in zinc oxide and zinc oxide doped with manganese. Journal of Luminescence. 54:35-42. 1992
- Effect of organized doping on concentration quenching in ZnS:Mn. Journal of Luminescence. 52:309-312. 1992
- Thin film MgAl2O4: Mn spinel phosphor. Thin Solid Films. 209:207-210. 1992
- Point Defects in ZnO:Mn and Their Relation to Luminescence Centres. Materials Science Forum. 105-110:1145-1148. 1992
- Pockels’ effect in polycrystalline ZnS planar waveguides. Journal of Applied Physics. 70:1180-1184. 1991
- Semiconductor hot-electron alternating current cold cathode. Applied Physics Letters. 58:613-615. 1991
- Contrast Enhancement for Ceramic Insulator Electroluminescent Devices. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 137:2987-2989. 1990
- Cathodoluminescence of Mn2+ centers in MgAl2O4 spinels. Journal of Luminescence. 46:391-396. 1990
- Luminescence concentration quenching due to energy migration in ZnS:Mn with fixed trap density. Journal of Luminescence. 46:227-234. 1990
- The electrodeposition of thin film zinc sulphide from thiosulphate solution. Journal of Crystal Growth. 100:405-410. 1990
- Effect of Mn concentration on the cathodo- and photoluminescence of ZnS:Mn. Journal of Applied Physics. 67:1492-1496. 1990
- Scatter emission in a ceramic dielectric thin-film electroluminescent device. Journal of Applied Physics. 66:2734-2736. 1989
- Coverage of rough substrates by ZnS using vacuum evaporation and atomic layer epitaxy. Journal of Materials Science. 24:3164-3168. 1989
- A novel atmospheric pressure technique for the deposition of ZnS by atomic layer epitaxy using dimethylzinc. Journal of Crystal Growth. 91:111-118. 1988
- Effect of Mn concentration on electron excitation in ZnS: Mn electroluminescent devices. Journal of Luminescence. 39:227-230. 1988
- Organized and semiorganized doping for ZnS:Mn electroluminescent devices. Journal of Applied Physics. 62:4244-4247. 1987
- 3-DIMENSIONAL AND 4-DIMENSIONAL ADDRESSING OF FLAT-PANEL DISPLAYS. Proceedings of the Society for Information Display. 27:309-312. 1986
- Single crystal ZnSr:Mn prepared by ion implantation. Materials Letters. 4:30-32. 1985
- 2-COLOR THIN-FILM ELECTROLUMINESCENCE WITH SPATIALLY SELECTIVE ACTIVATOR DOPING. Proceedings of the Society for Information Display. 25:3-5. 1984
- 3-6 Hysteretic Thin-Film EL Devices Utilizing Optical Coupling of EL Output to a Series Photoconductor. ITE Technical Report. 8:8-8. 1984
- TWO-COLOR THI-FILM ELECTROLUMINESCENCE WITH SPATIALLY SELECTIVE ACTIVATOR DOPING.. Proceedings of the SID. 25:3-5. 1983
- COMPARATORS AND RESISTORS FORM CLOCKLESS A-D CONVERTER. Electronics. 49:103-&. 1976
theses
- Fourier series-based optimization of LED angular intensity profiles for displays and backlighting. OSA Continuum. 2019