Diagnostic deep learning algorithms that use resting EEG to distinguish major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia from each other and from healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Mood disorders and schizophrenia affect millions worldwide. Currently, diagnosis is primarily determined by reported symptomatology. As symptoms may overlap, misdiagnosis is common, potentially leading to ineffective or destabilizing treatment. Diagnostic biomarkers could significantly improve clinical care by reducing dependence on symptomatic presentation. METHODS: We used deep learning analysis (DLA) of resting …