Intravital Microscopy of the Murine Urinary Bladder Microcirculation

OBJECTIVE: To establish an in vivo mouse model of the urinary bladder microcirculation, and characterize the molecular mechanisms of endotoxin-induced leukocyte recruitment. METHODS: The murine model was adapted from a technique previously reported for the rat. Mouse bladder microcirculation was observed using intravital microscopy, four hours after intravesical challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and leukocyte-endothelial interactions were …