Exploring the embodied carbon flow interactive relationships in China from an ecological network perspective: a model framework and application at provincial level

Energy-related carbon emissions take a large proportion in China, and the interregional trade caused by provincial disparities has led to significant differences in carbon footprint (CF) and embodied carbon flows among provinces that make great bottlenecks for the balance of economic development and carbon mitigation. In this study, we developed an embodied carbon flow-based ecological network (ECFEN) model with economic trade and emission data …