Commercial Video Laparoscopic Trainers versus Less Expensive, Simple Laparoscopic Trainers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

PURPOSE: Advancements in laparoscopic surgical simulation have led to technologically sophisticated but generally more costly surgical trainers. Given that higher costs can limit training institutions, an exploration of cost-effective alternatives is a worthwhile endeavor. We compared commercial video laparoscopic trainers and less expensive simple laparoscopic trainers to evaluate how they differ in facilitating the acquisition of laparoscopic …