Three-dimensional analytical techniques for evaluation of osseointegrated titanium implants

Osseointegration, the direct bonding of titanium implant materials with bone, is critical for implant success where nanostructured surface features contribute to nano-osseointegration. However, we also know that features and processes on the microscale influence the biocompatibility of implant materials. We highlight the advantages of using mutlilength scale analyses, focusing on three-dimensional techniques, ranging from X-ray microcomputed …