Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin or Oral Anticoagulation for Secondary Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Cancer Patients

Thrombosis in the cancer patient is a unique problem. Cancer patients with acute venous thromboembolism are at increased risk of its recurrence compared with noncancer patients. Cancer patients are also at increased risk of anticoagulant-associated bleeding compared with noncancer patients. Finally, many cancer patients have a compromised quality of life and recurrent thrombosis has an additional negative impact on them. In order to optimize treatment of acute venous thromboembolism in cancer patients, the following outcomes must be considered: a reduction in the rate of recurrent venous thromboembolism, a reduction in the risk of bleeding compared to that seen with current anticoagulant treatment regimens, and a positive impact on the quality of life of the patient.