FACE-Q Scales for Health-Related Quality of Life, Early Life Impact, Satisfaction with Outcomes, and Decision to Have Treatment
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BACKGROUND:: An ever-growing range of facial cosmetic products and treatments are available, but little clinical research is being done to understand treatment outcomes from the patients' perspective. The FACE-Q is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument composed of more than 40 independently functioning scales and checklists. The aim of this paper is to describe the development and psychometric evaluation of five new FACE-Q scales. METHODS:: FACE-Q scales were developed according to international guidelines for PRO instrument development. The following FACE-Q scales and a single symptom checklist (Recovery Early Symptoms) were evaluated in this study: Psychological Wellbeing; Social Function; Satisfaction with Decision to have Treatment; Satisfaction with Outcome of Treatment; and Early Life Impact of Treatment. Modern and traditional psychometric methods were used to examine reliability, validity and responsiveness. RESULTS:: The sample included 702 participants from three studies. The FACE-Q scales were found to be reliable, valid, and responsive to clinical change. These findings were supported by Rasch Measurement Theory (e.g., overall chi-square values of p ≥ 0.06; Person Separation Index ≥ 0.81), traditional psychometric (e.g., Cronbach's alpha values ≥0.90) and responsiveness (i.e., significant improvement following facelift and lip treatment) analysis. CONCLUSION:: The FACE-Q measures concepts and symptoms important to facial aesthetic patients. The 5 scales and single symptom checklist described here can be used to measure what patients think about cosmetic treatments in a scientifically sound manner. As the cosmetics industry continues to expand, the patient perspective of treatment outcomes should be measured and reported.Level of Evidence: Diagnostic, III. Paper: limit each article to 3000 words, not including references or abstract.
