Association of Heart Rate and Outcomes in a Broad Spectrum of Patients With Chronic Heart Failure Results From the CHARM (Candesartan in Heart Failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity) Program

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between baseline resting heart rate and outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) according to baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac rhythm. BACKGROUND: Elevated resting heart rate is associated with worse outcomes in patients with HF and reduced LVEF. Whether this association is also found in patients with HF and preserved LVEF is uncertain, …