Success of nonoperative treatment for congenital muscular torticollis is dependent on early therapy

Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) begins in infancy, and exercise treatment is often recommended. There is controversy about the type, length, and effectiveness of conservative treatment. We have used a standard technique of passive stretching exercises (PSE) in 126 children with CMT seen over 30 years. We reviewed the results and compared the rate of surgical treatment with the age at which PSE began. In 88 infants who began PSE prior to 3 …