Severe Hemolytic Anemia Post–Renal Transplantation Produced by Donor Anti-D Passenger Lymphocytes: Case Report and Literature Review

The passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS), often associated with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, is the result of concomitant transplantation of donor lymphocytes along with the donor allograft. Antibodies directed against recipient red blood cells (RBCs) are frequently found in ABO-mismatched solid organ transplants; however, passenger lymphocyte-mediated hemolysis due to …