Asthma therapy: how far have we come, why did we fail and where should we go next?

Reversible airflow obstruction and nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness are: 1) the two key features of asthma; 2) the primary concern for asthma patients; and 3) both directly caused by the airway smooth muscle (ASM). As such, controlling bronchoconstriction should be of primary importance. Unfortunately, all existing pharmacological asthma therapies that specifically target the ASM are based on decades old strategies. In the present study, …