Cardiovascular Risk in Prostate Cancer

Cardiovascular disease is common in patients with prostate cancer and is an important cause of death. Cardiovascular risk factors are frequent in this population and are often not addressed to thresholds recommended by cardiovascular practice guidelines. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) reduces muscle strength and increases adiposity, thereby increasing the risk of diabetes and hypertension, although its relationship with adverse cardiovascular events requires confirmation. Androgen receptor signaling inhibitors and CYP17A1 inhibitors may confer incremental risks of hypertension and cardiovascular events to ADT. Lower cardiovascular risk with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists as compared with agonists requires prespecified randomized clinical trial confirmation.