Ultrasound Operator Variance Classification for Agency in Artificial Intelligence Support of Cyber-Physical Systems

Ultrasound (US) is the most widely used medical imaging modality due to its low cost, portability, real time imaging ability and use of non-ionizing radiation. However, unlike other imaging modalities such as CT or MRI, it is a heavily operator dependent, requiring trained expertise to leverage these benefits. More broadly, the natural interaction between human and computer in general cyber-physical systems would benefit from the support of …