Co-doping studies to enhance the life and electro-chemo-mechanical properties of the LiMn 2 O 4 cathode using multi-scale modeling and neuro-computing techniques

A number of engineered cathode materials with longer life cycles and better electro-chemo-mechanical properties can be obtained by partially replacing some of the elements with other relevant ones without compromising much with the structure. To design such superior cathode materials, in this work, we replace a small number (5% or 10%) of Mn³⁺, with one of the following elements: aluminium, nickel, magnesium, gallium, chromium, and yttrium. …