Robotics in Total Knee Arthroplasty

This chapter presents a case scenario of a 59‐year‐old female patient who has advanced knee osteoarthritis, primarily in the medial compartment. Her symptoms are limited to the medial compartment and no longer respond to conservative treatment. One of the most promising aspects of robotic‐assisted knee arthroplasty is the achievement of more accurate component positioning by eliminating human error and variability. Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated the impact of robotic‐assisted surgery on the accuracy of final component position. With robotic‐assisted surgery, there is the potential for less invasive, more tissue‐friendly, and more patient‐specific surgical techniques. Evidence from RCTs has produced mixed results in terms of differences in operative time for robotic versus conventional TKA. Based on a recent economic analysis, robotic‐assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is cost‐effective in large‐volume UKA centers. The chapter provides recommendations for implementing evidence‐based practice in the clinical setting.