PLUME FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN POWDER AND WIRE INJECTION PROCESSES.

A one-dimensional steady-state model has been developed to describe the fluid dynamic and heat transfer processes in rising gas-liquid-solid plumes resulting from the injection of gas and/or solids into liquids. This appears to be the first differential model to determine gas, liquid and solid velocities and temperatures in such situations. The computed results agree with available plume velocities in water. This model can be extended to include the effects of low rates of mass transfer (desulphurization and other refining reactions) and high rates of mass transfer (gas releasing reactions).