Improved solubilities of PAHs by multi-component Gemini surfactant systems with different spacer lengths

Mixed micellization, interface and enhanced solubilization aspects of a series of single cationic Gemini surfactants (alkanediyl-α,ω-bis (dodecyldimethylammonium bromide) as well as their equimolar bi and ternary combinations have been investigated. Several theoretical treatments have been employed to evaluate and compare the mutual interaction parameter, counterion binding, surface excess, free energies of micellization, etc. for finding out …