A copula-based flexible-stochastic programming method for planning regional energy system under multiple uncertainties: A case study of the urban agglomeration of Beijing and Tianjin

Abstract

In this study, a copula-based flexible-stochastic programming (CFSP) method is developed for planning regional energy system (RES). CFSP can deal with multiple uncertainties expressed as interval values, random variables and fuzzy sets as well as their combinations employed to objective function and soft constraints. It can also reflect uncertain interactions among random variables through using copula functions even having different …