Modeling and validation of the crystallization process in food sprays

A freezing model for food sprays has been implemented into the computational fluid dynamics code KIVA-3 and validated with experimental data. The model consists of three stages. In the first stage, the cooling of the droplet down to the freezing temperature is described as a convective heat transfer process in turbulent flow. In the second stage, when the droplet has reached the freezing temperature, the solidification process is initiated via …