Estimates of Effective Dose to Pediatric Patients Undergoing Enteric and Venous Access Procedures

PURPOSE: To determine the range of effective doses encountered during common enteric and venous access procedures by using a method to estimate effective dose based on fluoroscopy time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pediatric phantom and metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor model was used to calculate effective doses associated with nine enteric and venous access procedures involving fluoroscopy only. Enteric procedures included primary …