Analysis of roping in an AA6111 T4P automotive sheet in 3D deformation states

A three-dimensional (3D) crystal plasticity based finite element model has been developed to simulate the development of a rope-like surface roughness profile, i.e., roping, in a commercial AA6111 T4P sheet upon stretching. The electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) mapping was done in a selected volume from the sheet surface down to about 1/3 thickness. The resultant 3D texture data was directly incorporated into the finite element model, and …