Design for dynamic performance: Application to an air separation unit

The significant effect that the design of a plant can have on its dynamic performance has led to methodologies for systemic analysis of the interaction between design and control, and for inclusion of dynamic performance considerations in plant design. In this paper, an optimization-based approach is presented for identifying design characteristics that limit plant agility in the face of production demand and electricity price changes. Responding optimally to such variation could have a significant impact on plant economics and operational efficiency. The problem formulation is described, and its efficacy demonstrated through application to a case study based on an industrial nitrogen production plant. Conclusions are drawn, and avenues for future research identified.