Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes of short duration in Poland: rationale, design and preliminary results of the ARETAEUS1 study
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INTRODUCTION: There is a paucity of Polish data describing the characteristics of and assessing treatment goals in patients with relatively newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to describe the baseline characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, who participated in the ARETAEUS1 study, and to assess to what degree diabetic control criteria recommended by the Polish Diabetes Association clinical practice guidelines are met. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted from January to April 2009. It involved patients of any age and gender, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes after January 1, 2007, and recruited by randomly selected physicians, both diabetologists and non-diabetologists. RESULTS: We analyzed 1714 valid questionnaires from 333 physicians: 1150 from non-diabetologists and 564 from diabetologists. Mean age of patients was 60 years, mean body mass index -- 30.6 kg/m2, proportion of females -- 50%. The levels of median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol and triglycerides, mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, as well as blood pressure were above the thresholds recommended in the guidelines (i.e., <6.5% for HbA1c, <4.5 mmol/l for total cholesterol, <2.6 mmol/l [or <1.8 mmol/l in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)] for LDL cholesterol, <1.7 mmol/l for triglycerides, and <130/80 mmHg for blood pressure). Cardiovascular disease risk factors were common: hypertension was reported in over 75% of patients, lipid disorders in nearly 75%, CHD in 27% (previous acute coronary syndrome or stable CHD), previous stroke in 4%, and previous transient ischemic attack in 5.5%. Diabetic foot was reported in 1.7% of patients, nephropathy in 7%, retinopathy in 9% (in the group of diabetologists) and in 21% of patients (in the group of non-diabetologists). CONCLUSIONS: We observed a relatively high prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and late diabetes complications in patients with diabetes diagnosed within the previous 2 years.
