BACKGROUND: Since 1965, the practice of digital replantation has seen great technical strides and become commonplace worldwide. However, some American authors have recently reported declining rates of replantation. We set out to characterize the patient population and describe treatment patterns from 2005 to 2016 at a large Canadian regional replantation center. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of all patients undergoing digital replantation and revascularization from 2005 to 2016 was identified. Data were collected on demographics, injuries, procedures, and outcomes. Descriptive statistics were performed, followed by a comparison of two 5-year periods to evaluate temporal trends. RESULTS: A total of 234 patients were treated with 146 replantation and 204 revascularization procedures. Patients were largely male, healthy, and worked as manual labourers. Overall, the failure rate of individual repairs was 28.7%. Over time, there was a trend toward more crush or avulsion and multidigit injuries, and surgeries performed after 2011 were significantly longer. There was a significant downward trend in the number of patients treated at our center each year. Additionally, there was a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of replanted to revised digits in multidigit cases. DISCUSSION: Our observation of declining replantation rates is in line with recent American observations. The reason for this is not obvious but may represent a change in injury characteristics or surgeon attitudes. CONCLUSION: We suspect that these changes represent a change in workplace safety and injury characteristics, but further studies are needed to assess patient and surgeon treatment decisions.
