Permafrost and Hydrology

Permafrost, or materials with temperature at 0°C for at least two consecutive years, underlies most Arctic areas as a continuous substrate, but becomes discontinuous in the subarctic. The permafrost region also abounds in ground ice. Large ice bodies may be found with ice wedge polygons, pingos, paisas and massive ice of several possible origins. Precautionary measures such as the avoidance of ice-rich areas should be considered while …