Modeling Study of Steel–Slag–Inclusion Reactions During the Refining of Si–Mn Killed Steel

Complex deoxidation by Si and Mn is beneficial for certain steel long products since it leads to the formation of low‐temperature melting manganese silicates. However, the introduction of Al via steel–slag reactions can lead to unwanted inclusion formation, which can cause nozzle clogging down the process line. To simulate steel–slag–inclusion reactions during the refining of steel, a kinetic model based on the mass transfer of steel species has been developed for inclusions and integrated with a previously developed steel/slag coupled reaction model. Using the model, the rate‐determining step for inclusion transformation is clarified, and the effect of slag–metal reactions on inclusions is investigated. The model calculations are validated using experimental data reported in the literature. Subsequently, the influence of slag compositions on the chemistry of inclusions and the effect of mass transfer coefficient on deoxidation characteristics is examined through a parametric study. The results are helpful for understanding inclusion dynamics during ladle refining of Si–Mn killed steel.