IF‐EM: An interval‐parameter fuzzy linear programming model for environment‐oriented evacuation planning under uncertainty

Abstract The processes and factors involved in evacuation activities are associated with a variety of uncertainties, posing major challenges to evacuation planners. This study represents an attempt to employ inexact optimization techniques for addressing uncertainties in evacuation practices. In this study, an interval‐parameter fuzzy evacuation management (IF‐EM) model is developed for supporting environment‐oriented evacuation management …