Seismic Performance Quantification of Reinforced Masonry Structural Walls with Boundary Elements

The design of reinforced masonry (RM) structural walls subject to high inelastic curvature demands can often be hindered by prescriptive requirements in design codes regarding the ratio between compression zone depth (c) and wall length (ℓw). A possible solution to this would be the detailing of a confined boundary element at the critical wall toes to increase the curvature ductility capacity of the plastic hinge region. The Masonry Standards …