Synthetic Torso for Training in and Evaluation of Urologic Laparoscopic Skills

BACKGROUND: The expanding use of advanced minimally invasive surgical techniques demands more advanced training methods, objective measures of resident performance, and more realistic and anatomically correct training models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A new synthetic torso for urologic laparoscopy training was developed and assessed. The trainer, Lapman, was based on the Visible Human Model and has the exact shape of a human torso. The torso …