Relative contributions of soil, foliar, and woody tissue respiration to total ecosystem respiration in four pine forests of different ages

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from soil, foliage, and live woody tissue were measured throughout the year in afforested, white pine ( Pinus strobus L.) stands (67, 32, 17, and 4 years old as of 2006), growing in a northern temperate climate. The data were used to estimate annual ecosystem respiration ( R e) and its component fluxes, including soil, foliar, and woody tissue respiration; to investigate major environmental factors causing …