Immunopathology in influenza virus infection: Uncoupling the friend from foe

Influenza epidemics and pandemics cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide associated with severe immunopathology in the lung, and the mechanisms of such immunopathogenesis still remain poorly understood. While human studies help to understand influenza immunopathology, they provide only limited mechanistic information. On the other hand, recent studies using experimental animal models have significantly enhanced our understanding of …