Paving Integrated Photovoltaic Technology: Numerical Investigation of Fatigue Performance and Design Strategy

To elucidate the fatigue damage evolution of solar road panels under long-term loading and enhance their structural durability, this study develops a particle-based discrete element model and simulates fatigue responses under different structural configurations and loading rates. A strength degradation index was established by introducing peak stress and terminal stress, enabling quantitative evaluation of strength deterioration. Combined with …