This chapter presents a case study of an 84‐year‐old woman, who is admitted to hospital with an intertrochanteric hip fracture and undergoes surgery for a cephalomedullary nail. Medical history is significant for coronary artery disease, hypertension, and chronic renal failure. Patient blood management is an evidence‐based approach to reducing the need for transfusions, and, when necessary, making transfusions safer and more effective. Transfusion of blood products is both expensive and has numerous associated risks. Thus, it is important to identify evidence‐based perioperative strategies that can reduce transfusion rates. Based on the emergence of high quality evidence, traditionally liberal transfusion thresholds have been re‐evaluated and restrictive thresholds are advocated for most patients, particularly in the intensive care setting.