GelMA-Carbopol bioinks with low total solids content for high-fidelity extrusion 3D bioprinting of dynamic tissue biomimetics

Extrusion 3D bioprinting is a technology that allows the deposition of cells within hydrogels in well-defined spatial patterns, facilitating the fabrication of tissue biomimetics. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)-based hydrogels are biocompatible, biodegradable, and promote cell adhesion and proliferation, which makes them a common choice to formulate bioinks for extrusion 3D bioprinting. However, due to the low viscosity of GelMA-based inks, it is …