Recent occurrences of wild-origin wolves ( Canis spp.) in Canada south of the St. Lawrence River revealed by stable isotope and genetic analysis

A free-ranging canid killed near Caraquet, New Brunswick, Canada, in 2012 exhibited a mitochondrial DNA sequence of Gray Wolf ( Canis lupus ) origin and a Y-chromosome haplotype of Eastern Wolf ( C. lycaon ) origin. The animal, which is the first wolf recorded in New Brunswick since 1862, was identified as a Gray–Eastern Wolf hybrid ( C. lupus x C. lycaon ) based on analysis of its autosomal microsatellite genotype. Stable carbon isotope values …