Dynamic Real–Time Optimization with Closed-Loop Prediction for Nonlinear MPC–Controlled Plants

Current trends toward globalization and electricity market deregulation are requiring increasingly dynamic operation of chemical processes. In this paper, we develop a dynamic real-time optimization (DRTO) formulation for plants controlled by NMPC. It utilizes a prediction of the plant under the action of constrained NMPC. At every prediction time-step, an NMPC problem determines the control inputs that are applied to the dynamic process model. …