Experimental and numerical study of hydrodynamic responses of a combined wind and wave energy converter concept in survival modes

The Spar Torus Combination (STC) concept consists of a spar floating wind turbine and a torus-shaped heaving-body wave energy converter (WEC). Numerical simulations have shown a positive synergy between the WEC and the spar floating wind turbine under operational conditions. However, it is challenging to maintain structural integrity under extreme wind and wave conditions, especially for the WEC. To ensure the survivability of the STC under …