The Development of Bio-assays Based on Non-targeted Effects of Radiation; a Potential Worm-Hole into Ecosystem Level Biomarkers

The role of non-targeted effects (NTE) in radiation biology and radiation protection is problematic and controversial. These effects include bystander signaling between irradiated and non-irradiated cells and also describe effects in progeny of irradiated progenitors which have recovered – a form of non-clonal genomic instability. They dominate the low dose response but saturate after very low doses yielding flat dose response curves meaning …