Overview of reverse osmosis for chemical engineers. Part 1. Fundamentals of membrane mass transfer

Reverse osmosis (RO) has become a standard unit operation in Chemical Engineering. This separation process can be used for a wide variety of applications including: desalination of see water, treatment of industrial wastes, concentration of food products, and recovery of value materials from solution mixtures. In order to best utilize RO it is necessary to have a fundamental understanding of the process so that the optimum design can be …