The Treadmill of Destruction Goes Global: Anticipating the Environmental Impact of Militarism in the 21st Century

Over the course of human history, wars and warmaking have impacted the environment-scarring local and regional ecosystems long after peace breaks out (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 1980). To anticipate the threats looming in the 21st century, this chapter begins with a review of the 20th century. In developing the ‘treadmill of destruction, ' Hooks and Smith (2004, 2005) focused on the Global North-especially the United …