Comparing the effects of in-situ nano-calcite development and ex-situ nano-calcite addition on cement hydration

A comparison between the effects of in-situ formation and ex-situ addition of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) on cement hydration is herein investigated. The in-situ formation was achieved by CO2 injection during mixing (doses of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7% by weight of cement), while NPs of precipitated CaCO3 (0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and 5% by weight of cement) were incorporated for ex-situ addition. The hydration kinetics were investigated …