Synergetic management of energy-water nexus system under uncertainty: An interval bi-level joint-probabilistic programming method

Synergic management of energy-water nexus (EWN) system is essential for coping with the dilemma of joint shortage of energy and water and supporting socio-economic sustainable development. The system is full of multiple uncertainties, making deterministic analysis methods infeasible. In this study, an interval bi-level joint-probabilistic programming (IBJP) approach is first developed through incorporating bi-level programming (BP) and interval …