Parameter estimation of PV solar cells and modules using Whippy Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm

The significant global trend towards solar energy has led to the development of studies on the fabrication of high-performance solar cells. Accurate modeling and parameter identification of solar cells is of paramount importance. So far, several models have been proposed for the solar cell, including single-diode model (SDM), double-diode model (DDM), and three-diode model (TDM). Each model has a number of unknown parameters and several methods …