Gluten Metabolism in Humans. Involvement of the Gut Microbiota.

Gluten proteins are the major storage proteins that are deposited in the starchy endosperm cells of developing wheat grain. These proteins have the capacity to form a viscoelastic network, and thus wheat is used in numerous processed foods. Therefore, a large amount of gluten protein is ingested by humans. However, because of their high proline and glutamine content, gluten peptides are relatively resistant to complete digestion by human …