An overview of the cellular changes in pulmonary hypertension

Three cell types comprise the vessel wall: endothelial cell the intima, smooth muscle cell or its precursors the media, and fibroblast the adventitia. In health or disease anatomic level determines response to injury or to physiological stimulus - arteries, veins, capillaries and pre and post capillary segments, including non and partially muscular vessels each show characteristic behaviour. In hypertension, hypertrophy and hyperplasia …