Rigid-plug elastic-water model for transient pipe flow with entrapped air pocket

Pressure transients in a rapidly-filling pipe with an entrapped air pocket are investigated analytically. A rigid-plug elastic-water model is developed by applying elastic-water hammer to the majority of the water columns while applying rigid-water analysis to a small portion near the air–water interface. The proposed model is validated by the full elastic-water model and experimental data. It effectively avoids the interpolation error of the …