Transient Analysis of Water Distribution Systems

The pressures generated by transient (water hammer) conditions in pipe systems are frequently three or more times the value of normal operating pressures. Thus, transient pressures must be known if the size and strength of the required pipe is to be rationally selected, if surge‐suppression equipment is to be logically sized, and if system operating rules are to be intelligently specified. In practice, however, analysts frequently neglect transient conditions, particularly in complex systems such as distribution networks. With modern computer techniques it is possible to analyze distribution systems under a wide range of flow conditions and with relatively few restrictions. Examples are presented of the dangers of oversimplifying either the physical system or the operating conditions.