Creating safer and healthier workplaces: Role of organizational factors and job characteristics*

AbstractBackgroundA comprehensive understanding of workplace organizational risk factors for illness and injury and interventions to alleviate these factors is important for workplace prevention efforts.MethodsWe summarize the evidence for the role of workplace organizational factors and work factors in occupational health and safety (OHS). To the extent possible, we concentrate on factors at the level of the workplace, rather than the level of the individual.ResultsThree types of outcomes are considered: injuries, ill‐health, and musculoskeletal problems; and we note the evidence for their relationship to work. We review workplace interventions intended to alleviate each type of outcome and note methodological limitations of previous research.ConclusionsDespite the methodological limitations, the balance of the literature supports the work‐relatedness of the three types of outcomes, although questions remain about exact mechanisms and the effectiveness of specific interventions. We discuss barriers to and incentives for creating safer and healthier workplaces. Am. J. Ind. Med. 40:319–334, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Creating safer and healthier workplaces: Role of organizational factors and job characteristics* Journal Articles