Space Mapping: The State of the Art

We review the Space Mapping (SM) technique and the SM-based surrogate (modeling) concept and their applications in engineering design optimization. The aim of SM is to achieve a satisfactory solution with a minimal number of computationally expensive “fine” model evaluations. SM procedures iteratively update and optimize surrogates based on a fast physically-based “coarse” model. Parameter extraction is an essential SM subproblem. It is used to align the surrogate (enhanced coarse model) with the fine model. Novel physical illustrations are presented, including the cheese cutting problem and wedge cutting problem. Significant practical applications are reviewed.